The copulas ཡོད་, འདུག་, ཡོད་རེད་, etc. are not used in future constructions. Instead, the future forms of the full verbs ཆགས་ “to become,” བྱེད་ “to do,” ཡོང་ “to come,”[1] and བསྡད་ “to stay” are used. A distinction may be made between essential and existential statements.

[1] Note that ཡོང་ may also mean “to be appropriate.”